Periodontal care refers to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the gums and the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone, ligaments, and tissues. The word “periodontal” comes from “peri-” meaning around, and “odont” meaning tooth, so it essentially refers to the tissues surrounding the teeth.
The Importance of Periodontal Care:
Good periodontal care helps maintain the health of the gums and bone, preventing gum disease and other oral health problems. Poor periodontal health can lead to serious issues like tooth loss, infections, and other systemic health problems like heart disease and diabetes.
Common Periodontal Issues:
Gingivitis
This is the earliest stage of gum disease and is characterized by inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup.
Symptoms include redness, swelling, and bleeding gums, particularly when brushing or flossing.
Gingivitis is typically reversible with good oral hygiene practices and professional cleanings.
Periodontitis
If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress into periodontitis, which is a more severe form of gum disease.
Periodontitis can lead to the destruction of the bone and tissue that support the teeth, resulting in tooth mobility or loss.
Symptoms include deeper pockets between teeth and gums, persistent bad breath, gum recession, and tooth sensitivity.
Periodontal Care Treatments
Professional Cleanings:
Regular dental cleanings (also called prophylaxis) help remove plaque and tartar that accumulate on teeth and along the gumline. Professional cleanings are an essential part of preventing gum disease.
Scaling and Root Planing:
This is a non-surgical treatment for more advanced stages of gum disease (like periodontitis). It involves cleaning the surfaces of the teeth and the roots to remove plaque and tartar from below the gumline.
